How Does Cholesterol Affect the Body? Cholesterol often gets a bad reputation, but it actually plays an important role in the body. The problem starts when cholesterol levels become unbalanced. Understanding how cholesterol affects the body can help you protect your heart and overall health. 1. Cholesterol Is Essential for the Body Cholesterol helps: Build and repair cell walls Produce hormones like estrogen and testosterone Make vitamin D Create bile acids that help digest fats Your body naturally produces cholesterol, and it also comes from certain foods. 2. Good vs. Bad Cholesterol HDL (Good Cholesterol): Helps remove excess cholesterol from the blood and carries it to the liver for removal. Higher HDL levels protect your heart. LDL (Bad Cholesterol): When too high, it can build up in artery walls, forming plaque. 3. Effects on the Heart and Blood Vessels High LDL cholesterol can narrow arteries, a condition called atherosclerosis . This reduces blood flow an...